Apparatus for forming sectional lasts.



J. "I4. BROWN. APPARATUS FOR FORMING'SEGTIONAL LAMS.-

lPPLIOATION FILED MAY 27, 1901.

Patented Ded.8,1908.-

WITNESSES:

1H: NORRIS psrsns co \v J. T. BROWN. APPARATUS FOR FORMING SEGTIONALLASTS.

- APPLICATION FILED MAY 27, 1901. 906,378.

Patented Dec. 8, 1908.

Hllll JLT. BROWN.

APPARATUS FOR FORMING SEGTIONAL LASTS. v

APPLICATION FILED MAY 27, 1901.

Patented Dec. 8, 1908.

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'J'. T. BROWN. APPARATUS FOR FORMING SEGTIONAL LASTS.

7 APPLICATION FILED MAY 27, 1901. 8 I 34? 4 sums-31mm 4.

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INVENTDR} mgm vi UNITED STATES OFFICE.

JONATHAN T. BROWN, OF MARBLEHEAD, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNEASSIGN- MENTS, TO KRENTLER-ARNOLD HINGE LAST COMPANY, OF DETROIT,MICHIGAN, A COR- PORATION OF MICHIGAN.

APPARATUS FOR FORMING SECTIONAL LASTS.

To aZ'Z whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JONATHAN T. BROWN, of lvlarblehead, in the county ofEssex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Apparatus for Forming Sectional Lasts, of which thefollowing is a specification.

Prior to my invention, it has been the usual practice in the manufactureof hinged lasts, to first turn from a block of wood the entire last andthen cut it transversely into two sections. These sections were thenrecessed at the top to permit the heel section to move upward andprovide abutting members below the pivotal point of the last, thesections being bonded by a hinge. A last is of such irregular form thatit has been found in practice, prior to my invention, exceedinglydifficult and expensive to prop erly aline and bond the two sectionsafter they have been separated, as above described.

The purpose of my invention is to provide a machine for making suchsections independently from a block having first formed thereon thesurface that bears a predetermined relation to some surface having auseful function in the last.

In following my invention, I separately turn and produce complementallast sections, each fore-part being turned to aline with, and accuratelyfit a standard heel-part.

In carrying out my invention, I form each section with a predeterminedface, before putting it into the lathe, so that either section can besecured to the chuck hereinafter described, with its predetermined faceagainst the face of the chuck. The same chuck is used for turning thefore-parts and the heel-parts, and may be said to represent the face ofthe heel-part when the fore-part is being turned, and the face of theforepart when the heel-part is being turned. The predetermined face isformed at one end of the block. The fore-part sections and heelsections, faced as aforesaid, are turned independently from separateblocks or pieces of stock upon a specially organized machine,hereinafter described, by which and by means of the predetermined faceof the block and the chuck, each section can be turned with its axis orits axis of rotation, when in the chuck, bearing a predeterminedrelation to the said predetermined face of Specification of LettersPatent.

Application filed. May 27, 1901.

Patented Dec. 8, 1908.

Serial No. 62,051.

the section. The predetermined face of the heel-section bears apredetermined relation to the said predetermined face of the forepartsection, and the longitudinal axis of one section bears a predeterminedrelation to the longitudinal axis of the complemental section, so thatthe axis of the completed last is the same as if the last had beenturned solid and never divided. These relations of axes and faces aremaintained throughout the making and assembling of the sections or partsof the last. The foreparts and heel-parts turned as described, whenassembled, accurately fit in a predetermined way with their faces andsurfaces in proper position and alinement, their abutting ends being apredetermined residue of their respective predetermined faces inrelation to which they were turned and assembled.

n It is not essential that the predetermined face referred to shouldsubsequently be retained as a whole in the section, as the inner end ofthe section together with a portion of the face may be afterwardsbeveled or shaped in accordance with the variety of last beingmanufactured. This face, 01' its equivalent, however, during the processof manufacture, is essential and serves as a gage in relation to whichthe various dimensions, shapes and alinements of lasts are made. Inaddition to the predetermined face,I form in the said face near thecenter, two holes which engage pins on the chuck. These holes arepreferably bored at right angles-to the predetermined face, and notonly, serve as means by which the block is turned, but in connectionwith the flat face, serve as means by which the block is accuratelyadjusted against the chuck and in the templets employed in theoperations subsequent to turning, the said templets preferably having,like the chuck, a flat face with two pins projecting at right angles tosaid face to enter said holes. Instead of the pin and holes I may employany other suitable means for the described purpose. Further, theprinciple of employing the flat face may be variously modified. Forconvenience and certainty of results, I prefer the face above describedand the hole and pin construction.

It will be evident from the foregoing, that, when a fore-part is beingturned, the chuck stands in relation of the heel section for thatfore-part, and vice versa, so that when a fore-part and heel-part havebeen turned and finished, necessarily, their complemental surfaces andfaces are accurate in fit and alinement.

In manufacturing sectional lasts, prior to my invention, it has beencustomary, as heretofore described, to turn the last precisely the sameas solid lasts, and thereafter cut up the lasts. In making the solidlasts, or in making sectional lasts, the last is turned with its axisrunning from the toe to a point substantially near the central part ofthe heel portion. In cases where there was but little spring, the axisrunning from the toe to the central part of the heel, above referred to,would pass through the lower part of the rear face of the fore-part,instead of the central part. If the last being turned was the same sizeas the model, this position of the axis would develop no particulardifii' culty. It is impracticable, however, to have a model for eachsize, the practice being to have one model for each style of last, andthen by the reproducing method of the lastturning machine, to make lastsof all sizes of thesame style as and from that particular model, inorder to have a complete set of sizes of a last of that style.

Owing to the irregular contour of lasts, it is desirable, for manyreasons, among which may be mentioned making lasts of a lar er orsmaller size than the model, to turn the last about an axis whichextends in a line from the center of the toe backward and upward tosubstantially the center of the material at the end engaged by thechuck. By this means when sections of a larger or smaller size than themodel are turned, there is no excessive exaggeration or diminution ofthe dimensions of the model, as would be the case if the axis at thechuck were near one surface of the block, or materially oif-center. Thisresult I obtain by turning the fore-part and the heel-part separately,by means of the described chuck and pin construction and the face andcentral holes in the block, thereby having the material of the lastevenly distributed about its axis of rotation while in the lathe, thechuck practically constituting the complemental heel-part, andvice-versa. The axis of the last is also correctly maintained, and theaxis and surfaces of one part correctly aline with and form acontinuation of those of the other part or section. In a word, by myinvention I produce a hinged last in which the measurements, surfacesand alinements are correctly maintained irrespective of the grade orsize above or below the model.

Referring to the drawings,Figure 1 represents a portion of a turninglathe, the pattern wheel and the cutter being shown in full lines. Fig.2 represents the chuck, the chuckcarrier, and the last section held inplace by the chuck-carrier. Fig. 3 represents a plan view of thechuck-carrier. Figs. 4 and 5 represent the adjustable coupling for theshaft which drives the chuckcarriers by means of which the patterns andthe stock may be rotated in exactly the same relation to thepattern-wheel and the cutter. Fig. 6 represents a longitudinal sectionthrough the chuck. Fig. 7 represents a longitudinal section through thesame, on the line 77 of Fig. 6. Fig. 8 represents a section on the line88 of Fig. 6. Figs. 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 represent the chuck in detail.Fig. 14 represents the partially finished fore-part, Fig. 15 representsthe end of the finished fore-part. Fig. 16 represents the gage platewhich is clamped against the end of the section. Fig. 17 represents infull lines a forepart block. Fig. 18 represents the fore-part asfinished by the lathe. Fig. 19 represents a heel-block. Fig. 20represents a heel-part as finished by the lathe. Fig. 21 represents aheel-part and a fore-part as finished by the lathe, showing the relationof the complemental faces with the hole and pin construction, the pinsappearing at 0.

Referring to the drawings, which illustrate one embodiment of theinvention, 20 represents the usual swinging frame which carries thepattern and the stock to be turned, saidframe being oscillatory withrelation to the pattern-wheel 21 and the cutter 22, which are mountedand rotated in the usual manner. The frame is provided with the end bars23, 2 1, and the intermediate cross-bars, 25, 26, 27. In the bars 23 and26 is ournaled a split shaft 2829, the sections of which are connectedby a coupling which I shall subsequently describe. Said shaft isprovided with the usual pulley 30 driven by a belt 31, and on the shaftare pinions 32, 33 intermeshing respectively with gears 34, 35 on thechuck-carrying shafts 36, 37. The shaft 36 is journaled in bearings inthe end bars 23 and the cross-bars 25, the shaft 37 being journaled inthe cross-bars 26, 27. On the frame are two adjustable cross-bars 3S,and 39, the latter being adjusted by a screw-bar 40 and being held inplace after adjustment by a set screw 41. These cross-bars 3S and 39carry the studs or spindles 12, 13 which hold the pattern and the stockagainst their respective chucks and permit their rotation, said'spindleshaving their axes coinciding with the axes of the shafts 36 and 37.

As thus far described, the machine does not differ in any essentialpoint from the wellknown turning-lathe now in general use, except in themechanism by means of which the shafts 36, 37 may be rotatively adjustedwith relation to each other, as will be subsequently explained) On eachof the'shafts 36, 37 is a universally adjustable chuck, and as the twochucks are similar I shall describe only one of them, reference beingnow had to Figs. 2 to 13, inclusive.

The end of the chuck-carrying shaft is formed with a round head,which'is transversely grooved in the face thereof to provide two flanges43, 43, the inner faces of which are parallel, as shown in Fig. 9, andthe two flanges are likewise grooved inward from the edges to providecurved lips 44, 45. The lips 45 are apertured at 46, 46. Between theflanges 48 is pivoted a lug 47 by means of a screw-pin 48. This lug 47projects rearwardly from a coupling, consisting of a plate 481 havingforwardly projecting flanges 49, 49 whose inner faces are at a rightangle to the inner faces of the flanges 43. The lug 47 is beveled fromits center toward its edges, as shown in Fig. 7, to permit it to beswung about the screw-pin 48.

50 indicates the chuck proper, which is pivoted between the flanges 49,49 by a screw-pin 51, so that said chuck has a uni versal adjustmentwith relation to the axis of the shaft. Adjusting-screws 52, 52 arepassed through the coupling 481 to bear against the rear edges of thechuck 50, to adjust the latter, said screws being secured afteradjustment by nuts 53, and the coupling 481, together with the chuckadjusted in a direction at right angles to the chuck adjustment, andsecured after adjustment by the screws 54-, 54, and nuts 55, 55, saidscrews beingpassed through the coupling 481 and the lug 47, and bearingagainst the inner wall of the groove formed transversely in the head atthe end of the shaft. The front face 56 oft-he chuck is preferably flatand two pins 57, 57 project forwardly therefrom, as shown, (see Fig.11). Against the face 56 a gage plate 58 is placed, said plate havingapertures 59 to receive the pins 57. Inasmuch as each of the chucks maybe universally adjusted, with relation to its shaft, it will be seenthat the stock and the pattern may be gripped by the spindle against thechuck, in exactly the same position with regard to each other and theaxis of rotation. In order to rotatively adjust the pattern and thestock relatively to each other, the coupling shown in Figs. 2 to 5 isemployed for connecting the two sections 28, 29 of the shaft previouslyreferred to. Said coupling consists of two confronting collars 60 and 61rigidly secured to the meeting edges or ends of the shaft 2829.

Screws 62, 62 are passed through curved slots 63 from the collar 61 intothe collar 60. Thus it will be seen that one of said shafts may berotatively adjusted and timed with relation to the other, after whichthe two may be rigidly secured by driving the screw 62 home, so as tobind the collars firmly together to prevent them from slipping. Thisadjustment enables the stock to be rotated in true relation to therotation of the pattern, and when once made .does not require furtherattention, since this factor is a. constant, irrespective of the varyingsizes or styles or shapes of the model. This accurate adjustment has notbeen necessary in lathes employed for making hinged lasts, prior to myinvention, since all sizes or styles of lasts were turned to the samefixed axis, and blocks for all kinds of lasts were chucked alike. By myinvention, on the contrary, the blocks are differently chucked withrelation to the face of the chuck to the axis of rotation and the axisof the last is determined before the block is chucked. The sectionsbeing turned with relation to a pre determined face or gage, it isnecessary that the block and pattern should rotate in true unison.\Vhile such unison of rotation is theoretically possible in a machine,as a practical proposition, someadjusting means are necessary to securethis mode of operation, owing to imperfection of parts, etc. Inaccordance with my invention, therefore, the pattern dog and block dogare both adjusted alike, not only with respect to the pitch of the'faceof each dog to the line running from the point of the spindle to thecenter of the dog face, but also by means of the adjustment between thedriving mechanisms of the dogs and each and every point, and the last orblock held by the block dog is necessarily in true adjustment to thecorresponding point upon the model. These adjustments together with theparticular way in which the stock is held to distribute the material ofthe finished section substantially equal about the axis, enables me toaccurately reproduce the sections of different sizes of the model.

The process by means of which the last sections are constructed andwhich includes the operation of the machine above described, is asfollows :The end of the larger portion of the last-block a. is faced asat b, and in the said end are bored, by means of a suitable tool, twoparallel apertures 0 0, in substantially the central part of the face,said face Z) and the apertures 0 corresponding to a, similar face andsimilar apertures on the pattern (Z. The pattern (Z is then placed uponthe pattern chuck, and the chuck is adjusted until the end of the lastis en.- gaged at the proper point by the spindle 42, a slightindentation or hole being made in the said end for this purpose. Thepattern is then placed upon the stock chuck with the face of the patternflat against the plate 58 on the chuck 50. The stock chuck is adjusteduntil the pattern is in position to receive the point of the spindle inthe aforesaid indentation, after which the adjusting devices are lockedto hold the chuck continuously in that position so long as thatparticular style of fore-part or heel-part is being manufactured orturned. The pattern is then replaced in the pattern chuck and thespindle is engaged in the indentation described. The last block or stockis placed upon its proper chuck with the pins 57, 57 entering theapertures 0, 0 and the face 6 is forced firmly against the face of theplate 58, it being remembered that there is also a plate 58 on thepattern chuck. Then the crossbars 39 are adjusted to bring the spindle43 into engagement with the end of the stock. The machine is set inoperation, and the stock is turned to form a fore-part or heelpartexactly similar to the pattern, and it will be noted that each time thisis done, the axis of rotation of the stock bears a predeterminedrelation to the fiat face at the end of the stock. I do not mean by thisthat the axis on which each fore-part is turned always bears, indifferent styles of fore-parts, the same relation to the flat face, forit will be readily seen that right lasts and left lasts are turned onaxes which are at different angles to the flat faces, and thatdifferently shaped fore-parts are turned on axes which vary in theirrelation to the flat face. But it will be noted, however, that if fifty,or any other number of fore-parts of a certain style or shape for aright shoe or a left shoe of a certain size be turned, they will all berotated on axes bearing the same predetermined relation to the fiatface, said face serving as a gage for the operation.

I have illustrated a fore-part in the machine, but it will be understoodthat the heel-part is constructed in exactly the same way, said heelsection being provided with a flat face which is apertured to receivethe pins carried by the chuck, as shown in Figs. 19 and 20. It isfurther to be noted that the stock chuck represents a complemental heelsection while a fore-part section is being turned. After the sectionshave been turned, the squared ends thereof may be beveled or otherwiseshaped, this and all subsequent operations being accomplished by placingthe said fiat faces and their holes in engagement with templets that areduplicates so far as their facesand holding members are concerned, ofthe face and pieces of the stock chuck, thereby maintaining to the endthe relationship of the various faces and alinements of the sections andinsuring the accurate and proper fitting and alinement of the twosections when assembled.

In Figs. 18 and 20, I have shown the fore-part and heel section as beingbeveled on the line 6. In making hinged lasts, the

lower portion of the face bis left on both the heel-section and the toesection, since said faces confront each other below the axis of thepintle and meet when they are in normal or operative position. After thesections have been turned, the subsequent steps will depend upon theparticular style of last, style of hinge, etc. A description of thesubsequent steps is unnecessary beyond the instructions that when thesections are being worked upon to secure surfaces, alinements, fittings,etc., they are held by the described templet, thus in effect having thefore-part held by its complemental heelpart, and vice versa. The holesin the sections may be utilized to position and anchor the hinge.

Having thus explained the nature of my invention, and described a way ofconstructing and using the same, though without attempting to set forthall of the forms in which it may be made, or all the modes of its use,what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In alast-turning machine, a universally adjustable model-turning chuck, auniversally adjustable block-turning chuck, and adjustable means forcausing the two chucks to travel in unison.

2. In a last-turning lathe, a chuck comprising a chuck spider, a webpivoted thereon, means for adjusting said web about its pivot, a dogpivoted to said web, means for adjusting said dog about its pivot, thesaid pivots being arranged at an angle to each other, whereby the dogmay be adjusted to position the axis of the model or block at anydesired position with respect to the axis of rotation of the chuck.

8. In combination with the cooperative elements of a machine for turningirregular forms, a model last fore-part, formed with an abutting facehaving a definite relation to the contour and axis of the last andadapted to engage a complemental face upon a heel-part, means forholding said abutting face or part arranged to position the toe centeror toe plate of the model at a point to be engaged by the toe spindle,and complemental means for supporting a forepart lastblock, having acorresponding abutting face or part.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature, in presence of twowitnesses.

JONATHAN T. BROWN.

Witnesses:

E. BATCHELDER,

P. W. PEZZETTI.

